Top 20 Tourist Places in the East Germany

1. Berlin (East Berlin) – Capital of the GDR

East Berlin was the capital of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) during the Cold War and remains one of Europe’s most historically significant cities. From 1949 to 1990, it symbolized the division between East and West Germany.

Today, visitors can still feel traces of that era through architecture, monuments, and museums. Wide socialist-style boulevards like Karl-Marx-Allee reflect the former regime’s grand urban planning. At the same time, the city has transformed into a vibrant cultural capital filled with art galleries, cafés, and modern creativity.

East Berlin’s history is deeply connected to themes of division, resistance, and reunification. Exploring this part of the city offers powerful insight into 20th-century European history while showcasing Berlin’s remarkable transformation into a dynamic global metropolis.

2. Berlin Wall Memorial – Remembering Division

The Berlin Wall Memorial is one of the most important historical sites in Germany. It preserves a section of the original Berlin Wall along Bernauer Strasse, where visitors can see how the barrier once divided families and communities.

The memorial includes preserved wall segments, a documentation center, and an observation tower. Informational displays explain escape attempts, border fortifications, and personal stories of those affected by the division.

Walking through the site is a moving experience, reminding visitors of the human cost of political conflict. The memorial stands not only as a reminder of the Cold War but also as a symbol of freedom and unity after reunification in 1990.

3. Brandenburg Gate – Symbol of Unity

The Brandenburg Gate is one of Germany’s most iconic landmarks. Built in the 18th century, this neoclassical monument once stood isolated in the “death strip” between East and West Berlin during the Cold War.

After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, it became a powerful symbol of German reunification. Today, it stands proudly in the heart of Berlin, welcoming visitors from around the world.

Surrounded by Pariser Platz, embassies, and cultural institutions, the Brandenburg Gate is both a historic monument and a lively meeting point. It represents resilience, peace, and the triumph of unity over division.

4. Museum Island (Berlin) – A Cultural Treasure

Museum Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located on the Spree River in Berlin. This unique complex includes five world-class museums built during the 19th century.

Among its highlights are the Pergamon Museum, featuring monumental ancient architecture, and the Neues Museum, home to the famous bust of Nefertiti. The island showcases art and artifacts from ancient civilizations to the 19th century.

Museum Island reflects Berlin’s dedication to preserving and celebrating global cultural heritage. It is a must-visit destination for history lovers and art enthusiasts exploring the former East Berlin.

5. Alexanderplatz – Heart of East Berlin

Alexanderplatz, often called “Alex,” was the central square of East Berlin during the GDR era. It remains one of the city’s busiest and most recognizable public spaces.

The square is surrounded by socialist-era buildings, shopping centers, and the iconic Fernsehturm (TV Tower), which offers panoramic views of the city. During the peaceful revolution of 1989, Alexanderplatz became a major site for demonstrations demanding political reform.

Today, it blends history with modern city life. Alexanderplatz is a vibrant hub where visitors can experience both the legacy of East Germany and the energy of contemporary Berlin.

6. Dresden – The Rebuilt Baroque Jewel

Dresden, the capital of Saxony, is often called the “Florence on the Elbe” because of its stunning Baroque architecture and artistic heritage. Severely damaged during World War II, much of the historic city was carefully reconstructed, restoring its former glory.

Today, visitors can admire magnificent buildings, grand squares, and riverside promenades along the Elbe River. The Frauenkirche, rebuilt after German reunification, stands as a symbol of reconciliation and peace.

Dresden offers a rich cultural scene with museums, galleries, and classical music performances. Its blend of history, resilience, and beauty makes it one of the most impressive cities in former East Germany.

7. Zwinger Palace (Dresden) – Baroque Splendor

The Zwinger Palace is one of Germany’s finest examples of Baroque architecture. Built in the early 18th century, it served as a royal palace and event space for the Saxon court.

The palace complex features elegant pavilions, ornate sculptures, and beautifully landscaped courtyards. Today, it houses important museums, including the Old Masters Picture Gallery, which displays works by artists such as Raphael and Rembrandt.

Walking through the Zwinger feels like stepping into a royal European past. Its artistic richness and architectural beauty make it one of Dresden’s most celebrated landmarks.

8. Leipzig – City of Music and Revolution

Leipzig is a dynamic city known for its musical heritage and its role in the peaceful revolution of 1989. The city has long been associated with great composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach and Felix Mendelssohn.

In the late 1980s, Leipzig became a center of peaceful protests that helped lead to the fall of the Berlin Wall. The Monday Demonstrations began here, marking a turning point in German history.

Today, Leipzig blends historic charm with creative energy. Trendy neighborhoods, art spaces, and music festivals reflect its youthful spirit, while historic churches and squares preserve its cultural legacy.

9. St. Thomas Church (Leipzig) – Bach’s Legacy

St. Thomas Church (Thomaskirche) is one of Leipzig’s most important landmarks and closely linked to Johann Sebastian Bach. Bach served as cantor here from 1723 until his death in 1750.

The church remains an active place of worship and music. Visitors can attend performances by the world-famous Thomanerchor (St. Thomas Choir), continuing a centuries-old musical tradition.

Inside, Bach’s tomb can be found near the altar. The church represents Leipzig’s deep connection to classical music and is a must-visit for music lovers.

10. Weimar – City of Poets and Thinkers

Weimar is one of Germany’s most culturally significant cities and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was home to literary giants Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, whose houses are now museums.

The city also gave its name to the Weimar Republic, Germany’s first democratic government after World War I. Beautiful parks, elegant buildings, and historic squares give Weimar a refined atmosphere.

Weimar’s blend of literature, philosophy, politics, and architecture makes it a cornerstone of German cultural history. It remains a peaceful yet intellectually rich destination in former East Germany.

11. Wartburg Castle (Eisenach) – Fortress of Faith and History

Wartburg Castle, located near Eisenach, is one of Germany’s most important UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Perched high on a hill, the castle dates back to the 11th century and played a significant role in German religious and cultural history.

It is most famous as the place where Martin Luther translated the New Testament into German in the 16th century while in hiding. This translation greatly influenced the German language and Protestant Reformation.

The castle also has connections to medieval legends and composer Richard Wagner. Visitors can explore grand halls, historic rooms, and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding Thuringian Forest. Wartburg Castle stands as a symbol of faith, reform, and German heritage.

12. Erfurt – Medieval Charm and Cathedral Views

Erfurt, the capital of Thuringia, is one of the best-preserved medieval cities in Germany. Its historic center is filled with cobblestone streets, colorful houses, and Gothic churches.

The city’s skyline is dominated by the impressive Erfurt Cathedral and St. Severus Church, standing side by side on Cathedral Hill. Another highlight is the Krämerbrücke (Merchants’ Bridge), a rare inhabited bridge lined with small shops and homes.

Erfurt also has ties to Martin Luther, who studied at the University of Erfurt. With its rich history and charming atmosphere, Erfurt offers visitors a glimpse into medieval Germany.

13. Potsdam – City of Prussian Kings

Potsdam, located just southwest of Berlin, was once the residence of Prussian kings and German emperors. Known for its elegant palaces and gardens, the city reflects royal grandeur and Enlightenment ideals.

Potsdam is home to numerous UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including palaces, landscaped parks, and historic neighborhoods. The city played an important role after World War II as the site of the Potsdam Conference.

Today, Potsdam combines royal history with relaxed lakeside scenery. Its refined architecture and peaceful green spaces make it one of the most beautiful cities in former East Germany.

14. Sanssouci Palace (Potsdam) – Prussian Versailles

Sanssouci Palace is Potsdam’s most famous landmark and one of Germany’s most magnificent royal residences. Built in the 18th century by Frederick the Great, it served as his summer retreat.

The palace is surrounded by terraced vineyards, fountains, and expansive gardens. Its elegant Rococo architecture reflects refinement and artistic taste. Inside, visitors can explore lavishly decorated rooms and royal chambers.

Often compared to Versailles in France, Sanssouci represents the height of Prussian cultural achievement. It remains a highlight of any visit to Potsdam.

15. Rügen Island – Germany’s Baltic Gem

Rügen Island is Germany’s largest island, located in the Baltic Sea. Known for its sandy beaches, seaside resorts, and dramatic chalk cliffs, it has long been a favorite holiday destination.

The island offers charming coastal towns, historic piers, and scenic cycling routes. During the 19th century, Rügen became popular among artists and aristocrats seeking seaside relaxation.

With its combination of natural beauty and classic resort architecture, Rügen provides a peaceful coastal escape in former East Germany.

16. Jasmund National Park – The Famous White Cliffs

Located on Rügen Island, Jasmund National Park is famous for its dramatic white chalk cliffs rising above the Baltic Sea. The most iconic viewpoint is the Königsstuhl (King’s Chair), offering breathtaking panoramic views over the coastline.

The park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and protects ancient beech forests that are part of Europe’s primeval woodland heritage. Walking trails wind through dense forests and along cliff edges, providing unforgettable scenic experiences.

Jasmund’s striking landscape inspired Romantic painter Caspar David Friedrich. Today, it remains one of Germany’s most photogenic natural attractions.

17. Schwerin Castle – A Fairytale on the Lake

Schwerin Castle looks like something from a fairy tale. Located on an island in Lake Schwerin, this stunning palace features golden domes, elegant towers, and beautifully landscaped gardens.

Originally built in the 19th century, the castle now houses the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state parliament. Visitors can tour parts of the interior, including richly decorated rooms and historic collections.

Surrounded by water and greenery, Schwerin Castle is one of northern Germany’s most enchanting landmarks and a highlight of the former East German region.

18. Harz Mountains – Forests and Legends

The Harz Mountains stretch across central Germany and offer a mix of dense forests, charming towns, and scenic hiking trails. The region is especially famous for the Brocken, its highest peak, often surrounded by mist and legend.

The Harz has long been associated with folklore and fairy tales. Visitors can explore historic steam railways, medieval towns, and winter sports resorts.

Whether hiking in summer or enjoying snow-covered landscapes in winter, the Harz Mountains provide outdoor adventure and natural beauty year-round.

19. Quedlinburg – A Medieval UNESCO Treasure

Quedlinburg is one of Germany’s best-preserved medieval towns and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is known for its hundreds of half-timbered houses, some dating back over 600 years.

The town’s cobbled streets, market square, and hilltop castle create a storybook atmosphere. Quedlinburg played an important role in medieval German history and remains rich in architectural heritage.

Walking through its narrow lanes feels like traveling back in time. It is a must-visit destination for lovers of history and traditional German charm.

20. Spreewald – A Unique Canal Landscape

Spreewald is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve located south of Berlin. This unique region is characterized by a network of natural canals winding through forests and wetlands.

Visitors can explore the area by traditional flat-bottomed boat, canoe, or bicycle. The peaceful waterways and charming villages create a relaxing rural atmosphere.

Spreewald is also known for its traditional Sorbian culture and famous pickles (Spreewaldgurken). It offers a tranquil escape into nature, providing a fitting conclusion to exploring former East Germany.